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1. 1.Application for Naturalization

   8 mo – 1 yr 2 mo

   N-400

   File N-400 after meeting residency and physical presence requirements.

   Tip: Eligible after 5 years as permanent resident (3 years if married to U.S. citizen). Must have continuous residence and physical presence.

2. 2.Biometrics Appointment

   1 mo – 2 mo

   Attend biometrics (fingerprint) appointment at Application Support Center.

   Tip: Bring appointment notice and valid photo ID. Appointment takes about 20 minutes.

3. 3.Civics Test & Interview

   2 mo – 6 mo

   English and civics test at USCIS field office, plus review of your application.

   Tip: Study the 100 civics questions. Practice English reading and writing. Bring all documents listed on appointment notice.

4. 4.Oath Ceremony

   0 mo – 2 mo

   Take the Oath of Allegiance to become a U.S. citizen.

   Tip: Same-day ceremonies are sometimes offered. Bring your green card to surrender. You can register to vote at the ceremony.

5. 5.Certificate of Naturalization

   0 mo

   Receive your Certificate of Naturalization.

   Tip: Certificate is given at the oath ceremony. Apply for U.S. passport immediately. Keep certificate in a safe place.

These durations are typical ranges, not promises — USCIS publishes its own current times, and yours may differ in either direction. Nothing here is legal advice.